Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scanners; a Medical Imaging Technique Used to Look For Disease in the Body

 

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scanners

Positron emission tomography (PET) scanners (an imaging test) help reveal the biochemical or metabolic function of the body organs and tissues. PET scan uses tracer (a radioactive drug) to show normal, as well as abnormal, metabolic activity. Positron emission tomography (PET) scanners are used in the diagnosis of various diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease and cancer. The basic principle of positron emission tomography involves the detection of a pair of gamma rays emitted indirectly by a radiotracer. PET scanners can also distinguish between malignant tumors and non-malignant tumors.

Generally, positron emission tomography (PET) scanners takes about 40 minutes to complete the scan and also measure glucose levels in the body. PET scans provides vital information about tissues and organs, size, shape, and the position. Moreover, PET scanners help detect the abnormal metabolism of tracers in diseases before the disease shows up on other imaging tests, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computerized tomography (CT). PET scans or images are combined with MRI or CT and are called PET-MRI or PET-CT scans. PET scanners detect early signs of heart disease, cancer, and brain disorders.

According to the National Institutes of Health, the number of deaths due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in India is projected to increase from 2.26 million (1990) to 4.77 million (2020) annually. Moreover, according to the report from the National Cancer Registry Programme, India (Cancer Statistics, 2020), about 679,421 men and 712,758 women were likely to have cancer in India in 2020. Thus, the demand or utilization of positron emission tomography (PET) scanners has increased worldwide, especially in the Asia Pacific (APAC).

Positron emission tomography (PET) scanners detect early signs of heart disease, cancer, and brain disorders. A combination PET-CT produces 3D images for a more accurate diagnosis. PET scan accurately determined the outcome of 90% patients, while the combination of all the conventional images accurately determined the outcome of only 75% of patients. The PET has revolutionized the way that medical professionals are able to view many areas of the human body. Positron emission tomography (PET) scanners can be used as sensitive imaging modality to detect/diagnose various diseases in the body.


Location: India

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