In Vitro Toxicity Testing; Designed to Generate Data Concerning the Adverse Effects of A Substance on Human or Animal Health, or the Environment
In vitro toxicity testing is the scientific analysis of the effects of toxic chemical substances on cultured bacteria or mammalian cells. There are various assays that are used in testing, such as ATP, MTS, MTT, Neutral Red, and Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The MTT assay is used to compare the viability changes in treated cells to untreated cells. The MTS assay is used to assess cell proliferation, cell viability and cytotoxicity. The ATP assay has the main advantage of providing results quickly and only requires fewer sample cells. Toxicity assays include the assessment of whether the transplanted cell product exerts any general toxicity effects in the host that could affect organs such as the kidney, liver, heart, and brain. In vitro toxicity testing is one of the biological evaluation and screening tests that use tissue cells in vitro to observe the cell growth, reproduction, and morphological effects by medical devices. It finds application in the pharmaceuticals