Melatonin, a Hormone Primarily Released By Pineal Gland, Can Play a Major Role in Meningitis Treatment

 

Meningitis Treatment

Meningitis is an inflammation of the fluid and membranes (meninges) surrounding your brain and spinal cord. Some of the types of meningitis include, bacterial meningitis, viral meningitis, fungal meningitis, parasitic meningitis, amebic meningitis, and non-infectious meningitis. Acute bacterial meningitis is more prevalent in resource-poor than resource-rich areas. A wide variety of meningitis treatments are available for those that have this illness. Typically, most of these treatments involve the use of an antibiotic to treat the bacteria that cause the illness. Some of the medications used include amoxicillin, penicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, cephalexin, and gentamycin.

High prevalence of meningitis is expected to boost demand for meningitis treatment worldwide. According to the study, ‘Global, regional, and national burden of meningitis, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016’ published in the Lancet in 2018, incidence of meningitis in Germany was 9191 (7630 to 15 856).       

Antibiotics

Antibiotics are medicines that fight infections caused by bacteria. According to the National Institutes of Health, appropriate antibiotics for meningitis treatment can reduce the risk of dying from bacterial meningitis to below 15 percent. Commonly used antibiotics include, cephalosporins, especially Claforan (cefotaxime), and Rocephin (ceftriaxone).

Steroids

Steroids have shown potential in early meningitis treatment Corticosteroids, such as dexamethasone, may help prevent two common complications associated with the condition, hearing loss and seizures.

Melatonin

In the recent past, various companies have focused on developing effective treatment for drug-resistant bacteria that causes meningitis. Recent developments in neurology and better understanding of the mechanism of melatonin on bacterial meningitis have enhanced the efficacy of prevention and treatment therapies for meningitis. Melatonin, a hormone primarily released by the pineal gland at night, and has long been associated with control of the sleep–wake cycle, has been found to have various mechanisms against bacterial meningitis. Thus, melatonin can play a major role in meningitis treatment.


Location: India

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