Demand for Tuberculosis Drugs to Surge with Increasing Prevalence of Tuberculosis and Increasing Number of Smokers

 

Tuberculosis Drugs

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that commonly infects the lungs and causes pulmonary fibrosis (pus in the blood). Other organs, including the bladder, kidneys, or heart can also be affected. If left untreated, symptoms can progress and eventually lead to death. The disease is spread through direct contact with infectious material such as blood, saliva, and other secretions from the nose, mouth, or rectum. Tuberculosis can have many forms and is usually caused by several strains of a single bacterium, Mycoplasma Tuberculosis (MTB).

Increasing number of smokers is expected to boost demand for TB drugs. According to the World Health Organization, 1.337 billion people smoked tobacco worldwide in 2018. Moreover, according to the 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, in the U.S., around 164.8 million people aged 12 or older in the U.S. were past month substance users that included tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs. The most commonly used tuberculosis drugs include, Isoniazid, Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane), Ethambutol (Myambutol), and Pyrazinamide. Isoniazid, also known as isonicotinic acid hydrazide, is an antibiotic used together with rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and either streptomycin or ethambutol for the treatment of tuberculosis. Rifampicin, also known as rifampin, is an antibiotic used to treat several types of bacterial infections, including tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium complex, leprosy, and Legionnaires’ disease.

Recent findings demonstrated how the enzyme inhibitor triaza-coumarin, or TA-C, is metabolized by the TB germs. The development offers potential in new tuberculosis drugs that are effective in inhibiting the disease from within. In other research, a team at the University of Salford in the United Kingdom discovered that an already licensed medicine may be used to cut off their fuel supply while leaving healthy cells undamaged. The team assessed the efficacy of an FDA-approved tuberculosis drug called Sirturo. In vivo animal experiments showed that the drug could target the fuel supply of these ultra-fit cancer cells and selectively create a "power failure" in them, while leaving healthy cells unharmed.

Moreover, increasing prevalence of tuberculosis is expected to boost demand for tuberculosis drugs. According to the World Health Organization, in 2018, India reported around 2.69 million cases of tuberculosis.


Location: India

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