Plasma Protease C1-inhibitor Treatment; Used to Treat Hereditary Angioedema and Diabetic Macular Edema
Plasma protease C1-inhibitor treatment is widely used to
treat various health conditions, such as diabetic macular edema, hereditary
angioedema, and others. Hereditary angioedema is an autosomal disorder
characterized by low levels of functional C1 esterase inhibitor protein. C1
esterase inhibitors are widely used for the treatment of hereditary angioedema.
Hereditary angioedema treatment consists of prophylaxis, management of acute
attacks, and prophylactic therapy in situations where attacks may occur.
Moreover, there are several U.S. FDA (United States Food and
Drug Administration) approved plasma protease C1-inhibitor treatment
to treat Hereditary angioedema C1 esterase inhibitor. Several plasma protease
C1-inhibitor treatment, such as Berinet, Kalbitor, Firazyr, and Cinryze have been
approved for the acute and prophylactic attack treatment of hereditary
angioedema. The main function of C1-inhibitor (C1 esterase inhibitor) is the
inhibition of the complement system to prevent spontaneous activation but also
as the major regulator of the contact system.
Plasma protease C1-inhibitors are inhibitors of the serpin
protein families of superantigens found in plasma. These superantigens are
involved in the catalytic reactions for the removal of cysteine from the
matrix. Cysteine also contributes to tetracyclic cancer and leukemia. As a
consequence of this relationship plasma protease C1-inhibitors block the
production of free radicals and preserve the overall structure of the
microcirculatory system without affecting the activity of prostaglandins and
trope receptors.
Furthermore, biopharmaceutical or pharmaceutical companies
are focused on developing safe, effective plasma protease C1-inhibitors for the
treatment of various health conditions, such as hereditary angioedema, diabetic
macular edema, and others. For example, in 2019, KalVista Pharmaceuticals (US) announced
results of Phase 2 clinical trial evaluating the use of KVD001 in patients with
diabetic macular edema. Plasma protease C1-inhibitor help prevent swelling
problems that occur with a certain immune disease passed down through families
(hereditary angioedema-HAE).
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