Artificial Cochlea has become a critical medical device for individuals suffering from single-sided deafness or hearing impairment

 

Artificial Cochlea

Acoustic neural stimulation, also known as the artificial cochlea, is an electronics device that transmits a predetermined signal of a sound to a person severely hearing impaired by hearing loss. The implant generally consists of a thin external part that sits behind your ear and another surgically located part underneath the skin. The signals transmitted by the artificial cochlea are then converted by the inner ear into a sound. This allows the individual to hear normally again. As per the JapanTark study, around 12.8% of the adult Japanese population suffer from hearing loss.

There are many types of artificial cochlea based on the degree of hearing impairment. One such type is the piezoelectric cochlea. The piezoelectric device generates a specific sound wave by the vibrations that are formed inside it when it is hit with sound waves. The outer skin of the device has numerous microscopic plates that generate vibrations when hit by sound waves. These vibrations excite the cells present in the cochlea and they produce an electrical charge that changes the current flowing in the cochlea. Cochleae allow auditory signals to flow to the brain, which processes them. With the cochlea positioned correctly, they can direct sounds and produce other vibrations that tune the auditory system.

This technology makes use of the latest technology that is being used by hearing-aid companies. This includes the transducers that can be placed near the auditory nerve to directly stimulate the nerve. Then again, there are many people who believe that the transducers can also directly stimulate the auditory nerve, resulting to a placebo effect. Nevertheless, many researchers see the potential of the technology and predict that in the near future, we will be able to use the transducers to stimulate nerves and even treat some forms of hearing loss directly. Recently, in March 2021, Cochlear Limited received the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for its new Cochlear Baha 6 Max Sound Processor designed for people with single-sided deafness.


Location: India

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