High Prevalence of Cardiovascular Diseases and Need to Prevent or Delay Onset of Stroke to Boost Demand for Intracranial Stents
Intracranial
stenting is a modern method of managing a stroke with the goal of preventing or
delaying the onset of a new stroke. The method works by inserting a narrow
plastic tube called an intracranial stent through the skull, right up to the
level of the cerebrospinal fluid. This tube then creates a sort of barrier,
limiting or stopping the flow of blood into the brain. The idea is that by
restricting the movement of blood, the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the brain
is slowed or halted. The result is that any neurological problems caused by the
reduced flow of blood will be minimized or relieved.
The
demand for intracranial stents is expected to be high in the U.S., owing to
high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. According to American Heart
Association’s Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics 2018, around 92.1 million
adults in the U.S. are suffering from some form of cardiovascular disease or
the after-effects of stroke.
Intracranial
stents can be used in two main ways. The first involves the use of a
high-pressure form, which is used to treat a very acute stroke. Intracranial
dilation and balloon catheterization are commonly used for this kind of
treatment. High-pressure methods are often used in cases of penetrating stroke,
in which part of the skull has been destroyed or severely damaged. The second
method is to use a low-pressure, lower inflatable (lowest pressure within the
body) tube, which is used for patients who have not suffered a complete stroke.
Although
both these methods of intracranial stents are highly effective, each has their
particular drawbacks. For example, a high-pressure stent may be difficult to
adjust to and therefore difficult to achieve the best results. In addition,
balloon catheters present some significant side effects such as infection,
bleeding, and bowel and bladder problems. These methods also have some major
disadvantages such as relatively high cost.
Intracranial
stents can be used to treat patients who have moderate to severe head injuries.
Smaller and less invasive techniques such as teflon-coated metal and
polymethylmethacrylate are also used. In addition, IVM (Insulin Vial Media) and
intracranial defibrillators are also used.
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