Biodegradable Stents Are a Promising Alternative to Permanent Stents

 

Biodegradable Stents

Biodegradable stents (or bioresorbable stents) are medical devices made from bio-absorbent material such as metal or polymer used to achieve normal flow of blood or other blood fluids in the case of narrowed or clogged blood vessels. A stent is a small tube that can be inserted into a blocked passageway to keep it open. Biodegradable stents serve the same purpose but is manufactured from a material that may dissolve or be absorbed into the body.

Biodegradable stents are used to solve the lingering problem of in-stent restenosis. Moreover, biodegradable stents can deliver more drugs to the target site than a thin coating of the drug on metallic stents. Over the years, several innovative biodegradable stents have been innovated and developed as potential alternatives to the now-ubiquitous permanent heart-shaped cardiovascular stents currently in use. Furthermore, biodegradable stents are proved to be effective in real-world applications.

A potential breakthrough in the field of biodegradable stents was made in 2013 with the introduction of zinc and its alloys, which harmlessly degrade at a rate of ~0.02 mm per year. Traditionally, stents were designed to remain in the body permanently until they were removed through surgical intervention. But nowadays, biodegradable stents are made of materials that dissolve or get absorbed in the body. Stents help keep blood vessels open and reduce the chance of heart attack.

With the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, the demand for stents is also increasing at a rapid pace. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the United States.  According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), one person dies every 36 seconds in the U.S. from cardiovascular disease. Around 655,000 people in the U.S. die from heart disease each year. Moreover, coronary stenting has become an integral part of percutaneous coronary intervention procedures.


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